Tam sim no tag nrho lub ntiaj teb tab tom ntsib teeb meem ntawm lub zog, maj mam depletion ntawm ib txwm muaj zog, ua ke nrog cov pa phem ntawm ib txwm muaj zog rau ib puag ncig, kev txhim kho lub zog tshiab tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb. Kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig ntawm lub zog tshiab ntau dua thiab ntau dua, lub hnub ci zog yog lub zog tshiab uas tsis muaj zog, tab sis kuj yog ib hom kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, yuav luag tsis muaj kuab paug. Tam sim no hais tias lub hnub ci hnub ci tau siv rau ntau qhov chaw, cov koob me me hauv qab no yuav qhia txog lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag.
Solar vaj huam sib luag qhia
Hnub ci vaj huam sib luag yog cov cuab yeej uas ncaj qha lossis tsis ncaj qha hloov lub zog ntawm lub hnub mus rau hauv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob los ntawm cov nyhuv photoelectric lossis photochemical nyhuv los ntawm kev nqus hnub ci. Nws feem ntau yog hom electromagnetic uas siv lub zog ntawm lub hnub ci los tsim hluav taws xob. Feem ntau cov khoom siv tseem ceeb ntawm cov hnub ci vaj huam sib luag yog silicon, tab sis vim tias cov nqi tsim khoom loj dhau lawm, kom deb li deb tsis tuaj yeem siv dav. Txawm li cas los xij, piv nrog lwm cov khoom siv roj teeb, cov hnub ci vaj huam sib luag muaj zog ntau dua thiab zoo ib puag ncig, thiab kuv ntseeg tias lawv yuav nrov nyob rau yav tom ntej.
Txoj cai ntawm lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag
Hnub ci vaj huam sib luag yog cov cuab yeej siv tau zoo uas teb rau lub teeb thiab tuaj yeem hloov lub teeb lub zog rau hauv hluav taws xob. Muaj ntau yam khoom siv uas tuaj yeem tsim cov nyhuv photovoltaic, xws li monocrystalline silicon, polysilicon, amorphous silicon, gallium arsenide, indium tooj liab selenide, thiab lwm yam, lub zog tsim txoj cai ntawm ntau yam ntaub ntawv yog qhov zoo ib yam, ntawm no, coj crystalline silicon li. Piv txwv li, piav qhia txog cov txheej txheem ntawm lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag. P-type crystalline silicon yog doped nrog phosphorus kom tau N-hom silicon thiab tsim PN hlws ris.
Thaum lub teeb hits lub hauv paus nto ntawm lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag, qee qhov ntawm photons yog absorbed los ntawm cov khoom siv silicon; Lub zog ntawm photon yog pauv mus rau silicon atom, kom cov electrons ua dawb electrons, thiab qhov sib txawv muaj peev xwm sib sau ua ke ntawm ob sab ntawm PN kev sib tshuam. Thaum lub Circuit Court txuas nrog sab nraud, nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm qhov hluav taws xob no, yuav muaj qhov tam sim no ntws los ntawm cov hluav taws xob sab nraud, yog li tsim tau qee qhov tso zis hluav taws xob. Lub ntsiab ntawm cov txheej txheem no yog kev hloov pauv ntawm photon zog rau hauv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob.
Hnub ci vaj huam sib luag yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm tib neeg siv lub hnub ci zog, nws lub zog hluav taws xob feem ntau muaj ob txoj hauv kev, ib qho yog lub teeb-kub-hluav taws xob hloov pauv hom, lwm qhov yog lub teeb-hluav taws xob ncaj hloov hom. Cia peb saib ob txoj hauv kev tsim hluav taws xob.
1, lub teeb-kub-hluav taws xob hloov txoj kev: yog siv lub hnub ci hluav taws xob tsim los ntawm lub tshav kub ntawm ib tug txheej txheem ntawm lub hwj chim tiam, nws yog feem ntau yog los ntawm lub hnub ci collector yuav nqus cov cua sov mus rau hauv lub chaw ua hauj lwm nruab nrab chav, thiab ces tsav lub turbine zog. tiam. Cov txheej txheem qub yog cov txheej txheem hloov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, thiab cov txheej txheem tom kawg yog cov txheej txheem hloov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, uas yog tib yam li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo tib yam.
2, lub teeb hluav taws xob ncaj qha hloov pauv hom: siv cov nyhuv photoelectric los hloov lub hnub ci hluav taws xob ncaj qha rau hauv hluav taws xob, cov cuab yeej yooj yim yog hnub ci vaj huam sib luag. Hnub ci vaj huam sib luag yog siv cov nyhuv photovoltaic thiab kev hloov pauv ncaj qha ntawm lub hnub ci zog rau hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, belongs rau semiconductor photodiode, thaum lub hnub ci ntawm photodiode, photodiode yuav tig lub hnub ci rau hauv hluav taws xob, ua rau tam sim no. Thaum ntau lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag txuas nrog hauv series lossis nyob rau hauv tib lub sijhawm, nws tuaj yeem dhau los ua lub hnub ci cell array nrog lub zog tso zis ntau dua.
Hnub ci vaj huam sib luag thermal zog tsim muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm qis thiab tus nqi siab, thiab nws tau kwv yees tias kev nqis peev tsawg kawg yog 5 mus rau 10 npaug kim dua li cov chaw siv hluav taws xob zoo tib yam. Lub chaw nres tsheb 1000MW hnub ci thermal fais fab yuav tsum tau nqis peev ntawm 2 txog 2.5 billion US dollars, thiab qhov nruab nrab 1kW peev yog 2000 txog 2500 US dollars. Yog li ntawd, lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag tsuas yog tsim rau me me tshwj xeeb lub sijhawm, thiab kev siv loj loj yog qhov tsis tshua muaj txiaj ntsig los ntawm qhov pom tam sim no, yog li nws tsis tuaj yeem sib tw nrog cov thermal lossis nuclear fais fab nroj tsuag.
Txawm hais tias lub hnub ci zog yog lub zog ntawm ib puag ncig zoo, lub hnub ci hlwb kuj yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo rau kev txuag hluav taws xob, tab sis hais txog cov cuab yeej siv tam sim no, cov nqi tsim hluav taws xob ntawm lub hnub ci tseem yog qhov siab, yog li nws tsis tau nrov. Txawm li cas los xij, kev siv lub zog huv si yuav yog qhov kev zam tsis tau, thiab lub hnub ci zog yuav luag tsis muaj kuab paug, txawm hais tias los ntawm kev xav ntawm lub zog lossis los ntawm kev xav ntawm kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, kev loj hlob ntawm lub hnub ci zog yuav yog ib qho teeb meem uas yuav tsum tau ua kom muaj zog. yav tom ntej. Tej zaum nyob rau yav tom ntej, peb yuav muaj lub hnub ci hauv peb lub tsev.